YOUTH AND SOCIALIZATION

Internalization of Learning and Socialization

Definition of Youth

•  Youth is a group of the young man who still need coaching and development to better direction so as to continue and fill development is now underway.
•  It is a period of transition psychologically and very problematic.
•  It is a group that is easily influenced by the mass media.
• It is as an individual and a transition that does not have in-depth assessment of the norms, ethics and religion.

Indonesian Youth

Youth in understanding human-human is young, but in Indonesia in connection with coaching youth program specified and explicit understanding of youth with certainty. Judging from the age group, the youth of Indonesia are as follows:

• Infancy: 0-1 years,
• Childhood: 1-12 years
• Puberty: 12-15 years
• Youth Period: 15-21 years
• Adulthood: 21 years and older

Ages 0-18 years is a young human resources, 16-21 years of age is seen has had personal maturity and 18 (21) years is the age that has been allowed to be both public and private employees. In terms of political ideology, young people are those aged 18-30 - 40 years, as a replacement candidate for the previous generation.

Definition of Socialization

       Socialization is a process of understanding and rules from one generation to the next in a group or society.

Charlotte Buhler. Socialization is also a process to help individuals to learn and adapt on how to live and how to think in the group in order to play a role and function for the group.

Socialization process

1. Preparation Phase (Preparatory Stage), Phase experienced when people are born, when a child is preparing for the world to know about the social and self-understanding.
2. Imitating Stage (Stage Play), At this stage the child is able to mimic the roles performed by adults and at once began to form awareness of self name and the name of the parents, brother and so on.
3. Ready Stage Acting, In this stage impersonation has begun to diminish and be replaced by a direct role played by himself to full consciousness by myself. At this stage they have started to realize that the demand to defend the family and and cooperate to friends. They also are able to interact more and increasingly complex relationship.
4. Acceptance Stage Collective Norma, at this stage they are considered adults, are able to put themselves in the society at large. He was able to tolerate not only to those who communicate with him but also with the wider community.

Socialization Media

• Parents and family
• School
• Community
• Playmate
•  Mass Media.

Role of Mass Media:

•  To fulfill the wishes and express identity
•  To prove that the They can be separated from parents
•  Meet the needs of adolescents obtain Sasama accessibility

Main purpose of Socialization

• Individual should be given knowledge (skills) needed for later life in society.
• Individual must be able to communicate effectively and develop abilities.
• Control of organic functions learned through introspective exercises right.
• Acting behavior in harmony to norms or values and fundamental beliefs exist in the institution or group in particular and the general public.

The social role of youth and students in the community

a) The role of youth based on the efforts of youth to adjust to the environment.

b) The role of the youth who refuse elements adjust to the environment.

c) The principle of educational

d) The principle of unity of the nation

e) The principle of swakarsa

f) The principle of harmony and integrated

g) The principle of empowerment and functionalitation

Youth and identity

 Youth is a generation that his back burdened with various expectations

 Have a problem that varies

 positive potentials can be developed

Basic Pattern Development and Development of Young Generation

1. Platform idiil: Pancasila

2. Constitutional Platform: 1945

3. Strategic Platform: State Guidelines

4. Historical Platform: Youth Pledge 1928 and the Declaration of Independence

5. Normative Platform: Ethics, Values, and Ancestral Traditions

Problems of Youths Generation

• Decrease spirit of idealism, patriotism and nationalism.
• Lack of certainty of the young generation in the future.
• Not imbalance between the number of young people to educational facilities in the can, both formal and non-formal.
• At least employment / job opportunities and higher levels. unemployment is half of the unemployment among the young generation.
• Lack of nutrition can cause barriers to the development and growth of intelligence agencies among the younger generation.
• There is still a lot of underage marriages, particularly in rural areas.
• Promiscuity harmful Increased juvenile delinquency and drug abuse There are no regulations regarding the younger generation.

Potentials of Youths

•  Idealism and critical power. Sociologically, the younger generation is still not well established in the existing order that still has many shortcomings and is reasonably able to look for new ideas.
•  Dynamics and creativity. The existence of idealism contained in the younger generation, the potential dynamism and creativity is the ability and willingness to make a change, renewal and improvement of the existing deficiencies or propose new alternatives.
•  The courage to take risks. Change and renewal in the development of risk that can be missed, delayed or failed. But in taking risks is necessary if we want to progress.
•  Optimistic spirit and excitement. Failure does not cause discouraged young people. Spirit of optimism and excitement owned power generation is driving young people to try to go forward again.
•  The attitude of independence and pure discipline. The younger generation has always had the desire to always be independent in attitude or action.
•  Educated. Although taking account of dropping out of school, as a whole both in quantitative and qualitative sense.

Universities and Education

Developing Potential Youths

•  Held a joint project .
•  Research competition.
•  Organizing the development of young workers in exploring natural resources of Indonesia.

Definition of Education and Higher Education

    

    

           Education is a learning process that is obtained by every human being in order to make a man understand, understand and have extensive knowledge and making it more critical in thinking. Education can be obtained formally or informally.

           College is a continuation of secondary education is organized to prepare students who have academic ability and professional.

Importance of received higher education 

•  Youth must be able to have an extensive knowledge 
•  Various Ethnic and Racial will converge in the form of Acculturation 
•  A wider view

Conclusion :

        So, the youth is very important in the affairs of the country's progress. youth should be given a higher education and received special training. youth gets high expectetion from old generation to continue the next generation. image of youth in a country, proving how tu countries will develop. Indonesian youth is expected to bring Indonesia more prosperous and developed. mass media affect youths generation, the media should gave positive value for them.

source :
https://faisaladamsyah.wordpress.com/2013/11/01/pemuda-dan-sosialisasi/

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Individual, Family, and Society

Definition of Individual

"individual" is derived from the Latin word, "Individuum" means "undivided". So, the individual is the smallest unit of society. In the social sciences, individual means also the smallest part of a group of people who can not be separated again into smaller parts. basically, each individual has different characteristics. Individual who join together to form a group or community. Individual will have the same characteristics as the group which he joined.

Definition of growth

Growth can be interpreted as a quantitative changes in material things as a result of environmental influences. The quantitative changes can be enlarged or added from nothing into existence, from small to a larger one, from a narrow become wide, and others.

Factors that affect the growth :

•             The establishment of nativistic

According to experts of this group found that growth is solely determined by factors inborn and similarity (specific gene) between children and parents.

•             The establishment of Empiristic and Environmentalistic

Experts believes, that the individual growth depends solely on the environment, and basic has no role at all. So according to this establishment refuses base in individual growth and further emphasis on the environment and, consequently, only the environment was much discussed.

•             The establishment of convergence and interactionism

This thing is found between the basic and environmental interactions can determine individual growth.

Individual growth phase based on psychology

1. the vital period ie from age 0.0 to about 2 years.

2. The aesthetic of the age of approximately 2 years to about 7 years.

3. The period of intellectual approximately 7 years to about 13 years or 14 years.

4. The period of social, approximately age 13 or 14 years until approximately 20-21 years.

Definition of Family and Its function

The family is the unit / unit of the smallest community which constitute a small group in society. The group is in relation to to development of the individual is often known as the primary group. This group gave birth to individuals to various forms of personality in society.

The family has four characteristics that give clarity about the concept of family.

1.            The family is composed of people who are united by ties of marriage, blood or adoption. That bind husband and wife is marriage, which unites parents and children are related by blood (usually) and sometimes coral adoption.

2.            The members of a family usually live together in one house, and they formed a household sometimes a household that consists of a married couple without children, or to one or two children.

3.            The family is a unity of people who interact and communicate with each other, which plays the role of husband and wife, father and mother, son and daughter.

4.            The family maintains a common culture largely derived from the wider public culture.

The core family consisting of father, mother, and children. From the work of Emile Durkheim on family sociology comes the term: Conjugal family / core family: the family in a monogamous marriage. Koentjaraningrat distinguish three kinds of extended family based on its shape:

1.            utrolocal extended family, customary utrolokal, composed of senior nuclear family to families of conjugal / core boys and girls.

2.            viriolocal extended family, indigenous Based viriolokal, consisting of a senior nuclear family to nuclear families of the boys.

3.            Extended family uxorilocal, based indigenous uxorilokal, consisting of a senior nuclear family to families batih / core daughters.

Definition of Family's function

The function of is a jobs or tasks that must be implemented in or by the family.

Family functions according to Friedman, 1998 (in Setiawati & Courtesy, 2008) are:

a)            Affective functions

Affective function is an internal function of the family as the the basic strength of the family. Therein associated to mutual love, mutual support and mutual respect among members ancestry.

b)            Socialization function

Socialization function is a function that is developing a process of interaction in the family. Socialization begins at birth and family is a place of individuals to learn to socialize.

c)            Reproductive function

Reproductive function is a function of the family to carry on offspring survival and increase human resources.

d)            Economic Functions

The economic function is a function of the family to meet the needs of all family members, namely: clothing, food and shelter.

e)            Function Health Care

The function of health care is a family function to prevent health problems and caring for family members with health problems.

Definition of Society

In English society used the term that comes from the Latin word socius, which means "friend", community term itself comes from the root of the Arabic word that Syaraka which means "to participate, participating".

Drs. Major JBAF Polak call society is the inter-relationship of all container consists of a lot of social-kolektivas as well as groups and each group consisted of groups or subgroups better.

According to Prof. MM Djojodiguno society is a unanimity of all the developments in the life shared between human and other human.

In the development and growth society can be classified into:

1.            Modest society In Modest societies (primitive) patterns of division of labor tends to be differentiated according to gender. The division of labor by sex, seems to stem from the starting of the background of the weakness and physical abilities between a woman and a man in the face of challenges when the nature is wild.

2.            Advanced society Advanced society has a variety of social group needs, or better known as community organizations that group grew and developed based on the needs and specific objectives to be achieved. In advanced societies, can be distinguished:

a.            The non-industrial society. Broadly speaking, the national group or non-industrial

civil society organizations can be classified into two categories, namely primary group (primary group) and the secondary group (secondary group).

•       Primary Group

In the primary group, the interaction between members established more intensive, more closely, more familiar. The primary group is also called the "face to face group", because the group members often engage in dialogue, face to face, because it was to know each other more closely, more akrab.Sifat interaksidalam patterned primary groups based on kinship and sympathy.

The division of labor or the division of tasks in the group, which receive and execute tasks idak forcible, more emphasis on awareness, responsibility and the members took place on the basis of sympathy and voluntarily. Examples of primary groups, among others: family, neighborhood, study groups, religious groups, and so forth.

•          Secondary group

Between members of the secondary group, adrift indirect mutual relations, formal, less also be kekeluargaan.Oleh Therefore, the nature of the interaction, the division of labor among the members of the group are set on the basis of rational considerations. Objective.

The members accept the division of labor / tasks on the basis of ability: specific skills, in addition to the dedication required. Such things were necessary to achieve the specific goals and objectives that have existed in the programs that have been agreed upon. Examples of secondary groups, for example: political parties, associations of trade unions / labor unions, professional organizations and so on.

b.            Industrial Society

Society has intelligence / special skills independently owned, to a certain extent. Example baker, shoemaker, turner, welder.

Conclusion :

So, individuals, families, and society greatly affect the surrounding environment. Communities that will better reflect the lives of families and individuals in the neighborhood. An individual gets his rights of the family in the form of education, etc. so that people can live well in society.

According to Ellwood, the factors that cause humans to live together, are:

o             The urge for foraging.

o             The urge to defend themselves.

o             The urge to establish the offspring.

source :

https://faisaladamsyah.wordpress.com/2013/10/28/individu-keluarga-dan-masyarakat/ 

pdf suci k 

http://rnpr.blogspot.com/2012/10/ilmu-sosial-dasar-bab-3-individu.html 

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