YOUTH AND SOCIALIZATION

Internalization of Learning and Socialization

Definition of Youth

•  Youth is a group of the young man who still need coaching and development to better direction so as to continue and fill development is now underway.
•  It is a period of transition psychologically and very problematic.
•  It is a group that is easily influenced by the mass media.
• It is as an individual and a transition that does not have in-depth assessment of the norms, ethics and religion.

Indonesian Youth

Youth in understanding human-human is young, but in Indonesia in connection with coaching youth program specified and explicit understanding of youth with certainty. Judging from the age group, the youth of Indonesia are as follows:

• Infancy: 0-1 years,
• Childhood: 1-12 years
• Puberty: 12-15 years
• Youth Period: 15-21 years
• Adulthood: 21 years and older

Ages 0-18 years is a young human resources, 16-21 years of age is seen has had personal maturity and 18 (21) years is the age that has been allowed to be both public and private employees. In terms of political ideology, young people are those aged 18-30 - 40 years, as a replacement candidate for the previous generation.

Definition of Socialization

       Socialization is a process of understanding and rules from one generation to the next in a group or society.

Charlotte Buhler. Socialization is also a process to help individuals to learn and adapt on how to live and how to think in the group in order to play a role and function for the group.

Socialization process

1. Preparation Phase (Preparatory Stage), Phase experienced when people are born, when a child is preparing for the world to know about the social and self-understanding.
2. Imitating Stage (Stage Play), At this stage the child is able to mimic the roles performed by adults and at once began to form awareness of self name and the name of the parents, brother and so on.
3. Ready Stage Acting, In this stage impersonation has begun to diminish and be replaced by a direct role played by himself to full consciousness by myself. At this stage they have started to realize that the demand to defend the family and and cooperate to friends. They also are able to interact more and increasingly complex relationship.
4. Acceptance Stage Collective Norma, at this stage they are considered adults, are able to put themselves in the society at large. He was able to tolerate not only to those who communicate with him but also with the wider community.

Socialization Media

• Parents and family
• School
• Community
• Playmate
•  Mass Media.

Role of Mass Media:

•  To fulfill the wishes and express identity
•  To prove that the They can be separated from parents
•  Meet the needs of adolescents obtain Sasama accessibility

Main purpose of Socialization

• Individual should be given knowledge (skills) needed for later life in society.
• Individual must be able to communicate effectively and develop abilities.
• Control of organic functions learned through introspective exercises right.
• Acting behavior in harmony to norms or values and fundamental beliefs exist in the institution or group in particular and the general public.

The social role of youth and students in the community

a) The role of youth based on the efforts of youth to adjust to the environment.

b) The role of the youth who refuse elements adjust to the environment.

c) The principle of educational

d) The principle of unity of the nation

e) The principle of swakarsa

f) The principle of harmony and integrated

g) The principle of empowerment and functionalitation

Youth and identity

 Youth is a generation that his back burdened with various expectations

 Have a problem that varies

 positive potentials can be developed

Basic Pattern Development and Development of Young Generation

1. Platform idiil: Pancasila

2. Constitutional Platform: 1945

3. Strategic Platform: State Guidelines

4. Historical Platform: Youth Pledge 1928 and the Declaration of Independence

5. Normative Platform: Ethics, Values, and Ancestral Traditions

Problems of Youths Generation

• Decrease spirit of idealism, patriotism and nationalism.
• Lack of certainty of the young generation in the future.
• Not imbalance between the number of young people to educational facilities in the can, both formal and non-formal.
• At least employment / job opportunities and higher levels. unemployment is half of the unemployment among the young generation.
• Lack of nutrition can cause barriers to the development and growth of intelligence agencies among the younger generation.
• There is still a lot of underage marriages, particularly in rural areas.
• Promiscuity harmful Increased juvenile delinquency and drug abuse There are no regulations regarding the younger generation.

Potentials of Youths

•  Idealism and critical power. Sociologically, the younger generation is still not well established in the existing order that still has many shortcomings and is reasonably able to look for new ideas.
•  Dynamics and creativity. The existence of idealism contained in the younger generation, the potential dynamism and creativity is the ability and willingness to make a change, renewal and improvement of the existing deficiencies or propose new alternatives.
•  The courage to take risks. Change and renewal in the development of risk that can be missed, delayed or failed. But in taking risks is necessary if we want to progress.
•  Optimistic spirit and excitement. Failure does not cause discouraged young people. Spirit of optimism and excitement owned power generation is driving young people to try to go forward again.
•  The attitude of independence and pure discipline. The younger generation has always had the desire to always be independent in attitude or action.
•  Educated. Although taking account of dropping out of school, as a whole both in quantitative and qualitative sense.

Universities and Education

Developing Potential Youths

•  Held a joint project .
•  Research competition.
•  Organizing the development of young workers in exploring natural resources of Indonesia.

Definition of Education and Higher Education

    

    

           Education is a learning process that is obtained by every human being in order to make a man understand, understand and have extensive knowledge and making it more critical in thinking. Education can be obtained formally or informally.

           College is a continuation of secondary education is organized to prepare students who have academic ability and professional.

Importance of received higher education 

•  Youth must be able to have an extensive knowledge 
•  Various Ethnic and Racial will converge in the form of Acculturation 
•  A wider view

Conclusion :

        So, the youth is very important in the affairs of the country's progress. youth should be given a higher education and received special training. youth gets high expectetion from old generation to continue the next generation. image of youth in a country, proving how tu countries will develop. Indonesian youth is expected to bring Indonesia more prosperous and developed. mass media affect youths generation, the media should gave positive value for them.

source :
https://faisaladamsyah.wordpress.com/2013/11/01/pemuda-dan-sosialisasi/

pdf suci k

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Individual, Family, and Society

Definition of Individual

"individual" is derived from the Latin word, "Individuum" means "undivided". So, the individual is the smallest unit of society. In the social sciences, individual means also the smallest part of a group of people who can not be separated again into smaller parts. basically, each individual has different characteristics. Individual who join together to form a group or community. Individual will have the same characteristics as the group which he joined.

Definition of growth

Growth can be interpreted as a quantitative changes in material things as a result of environmental influences. The quantitative changes can be enlarged or added from nothing into existence, from small to a larger one, from a narrow become wide, and others.

Factors that affect the growth :

•             The establishment of nativistic

According to experts of this group found that growth is solely determined by factors inborn and similarity (specific gene) between children and parents.

•             The establishment of Empiristic and Environmentalistic

Experts believes, that the individual growth depends solely on the environment, and basic has no role at all. So according to this establishment refuses base in individual growth and further emphasis on the environment and, consequently, only the environment was much discussed.

•             The establishment of convergence and interactionism

This thing is found between the basic and environmental interactions can determine individual growth.

Individual growth phase based on psychology

1. the vital period ie from age 0.0 to about 2 years.

2. The aesthetic of the age of approximately 2 years to about 7 years.

3. The period of intellectual approximately 7 years to about 13 years or 14 years.

4. The period of social, approximately age 13 or 14 years until approximately 20-21 years.

Definition of Family and Its function

The family is the unit / unit of the smallest community which constitute a small group in society. The group is in relation to to development of the individual is often known as the primary group. This group gave birth to individuals to various forms of personality in society.

The family has four characteristics that give clarity about the concept of family.

1.            The family is composed of people who are united by ties of marriage, blood or adoption. That bind husband and wife is marriage, which unites parents and children are related by blood (usually) and sometimes coral adoption.

2.            The members of a family usually live together in one house, and they formed a household sometimes a household that consists of a married couple without children, or to one or two children.

3.            The family is a unity of people who interact and communicate with each other, which plays the role of husband and wife, father and mother, son and daughter.

4.            The family maintains a common culture largely derived from the wider public culture.

The core family consisting of father, mother, and children. From the work of Emile Durkheim on family sociology comes the term: Conjugal family / core family: the family in a monogamous marriage. Koentjaraningrat distinguish three kinds of extended family based on its shape:

1.            utrolocal extended family, customary utrolokal, composed of senior nuclear family to families of conjugal / core boys and girls.

2.            viriolocal extended family, indigenous Based viriolokal, consisting of a senior nuclear family to nuclear families of the boys.

3.            Extended family uxorilocal, based indigenous uxorilokal, consisting of a senior nuclear family to families batih / core daughters.

Definition of Family's function

The function of is a jobs or tasks that must be implemented in or by the family.

Family functions according to Friedman, 1998 (in Setiawati & Courtesy, 2008) are:

a)            Affective functions

Affective function is an internal function of the family as the the basic strength of the family. Therein associated to mutual love, mutual support and mutual respect among members ancestry.

b)            Socialization function

Socialization function is a function that is developing a process of interaction in the family. Socialization begins at birth and family is a place of individuals to learn to socialize.

c)            Reproductive function

Reproductive function is a function of the family to carry on offspring survival and increase human resources.

d)            Economic Functions

The economic function is a function of the family to meet the needs of all family members, namely: clothing, food and shelter.

e)            Function Health Care

The function of health care is a family function to prevent health problems and caring for family members with health problems.

Definition of Society

In English society used the term that comes from the Latin word socius, which means "friend", community term itself comes from the root of the Arabic word that Syaraka which means "to participate, participating".

Drs. Major JBAF Polak call society is the inter-relationship of all container consists of a lot of social-kolektivas as well as groups and each group consisted of groups or subgroups better.

According to Prof. MM Djojodiguno society is a unanimity of all the developments in the life shared between human and other human.

In the development and growth society can be classified into:

1.            Modest society In Modest societies (primitive) patterns of division of labor tends to be differentiated according to gender. The division of labor by sex, seems to stem from the starting of the background of the weakness and physical abilities between a woman and a man in the face of challenges when the nature is wild.

2.            Advanced society Advanced society has a variety of social group needs, or better known as community organizations that group grew and developed based on the needs and specific objectives to be achieved. In advanced societies, can be distinguished:

a.            The non-industrial society. Broadly speaking, the national group or non-industrial

civil society organizations can be classified into two categories, namely primary group (primary group) and the secondary group (secondary group).

•       Primary Group

In the primary group, the interaction between members established more intensive, more closely, more familiar. The primary group is also called the "face to face group", because the group members often engage in dialogue, face to face, because it was to know each other more closely, more akrab.Sifat interaksidalam patterned primary groups based on kinship and sympathy.

The division of labor or the division of tasks in the group, which receive and execute tasks idak forcible, more emphasis on awareness, responsibility and the members took place on the basis of sympathy and voluntarily. Examples of primary groups, among others: family, neighborhood, study groups, religious groups, and so forth.

•          Secondary group

Between members of the secondary group, adrift indirect mutual relations, formal, less also be kekeluargaan.Oleh Therefore, the nature of the interaction, the division of labor among the members of the group are set on the basis of rational considerations. Objective.

The members accept the division of labor / tasks on the basis of ability: specific skills, in addition to the dedication required. Such things were necessary to achieve the specific goals and objectives that have existed in the programs that have been agreed upon. Examples of secondary groups, for example: political parties, associations of trade unions / labor unions, professional organizations and so on.

b.            Industrial Society

Society has intelligence / special skills independently owned, to a certain extent. Example baker, shoemaker, turner, welder.

Conclusion :

So, individuals, families, and society greatly affect the surrounding environment. Communities that will better reflect the lives of families and individuals in the neighborhood. An individual gets his rights of the family in the form of education, etc. so that people can live well in society.

According to Ellwood, the factors that cause humans to live together, are:

o             The urge for foraging.

o             The urge to defend themselves.

o             The urge to establish the offspring.

source :

https://faisaladamsyah.wordpress.com/2013/10/28/individu-keluarga-dan-masyarakat/ 

pdf suci k 

http://rnpr.blogspot.com/2012/10/ilmu-sosial-dasar-bab-3-individu.html 

image : google.com

example of social solidarity : friendships

example of social solidarity : shake hands

Definition of Loyalty

                According W.J.S. Poerwodarminta Indonesian dictionary, 'loyalty' is derived from the word 'loyal' which means "stay and courageous (in the family, friendship)."

So, Loyalty is the firm stance on the establishment and obeying the appointments, rules or values ​​that have been agreed.

                According Oxford Dictionaries is Unity or agreement of feeling or action, especially among individuals with a common interest; mutual support within a group.

(Solidarity) An independent trade union movement in Poland which developed into a mass campaign for political change and inspired popular opposition to Communist regimes across eastern Europe. Formed in 1980 under the leadership of Lech Wałęsa, it was banned in 1981 following the imposition of martial law. Legalized again in 1989, it won a majority in the elections of that year.

A.    Definition of Solidarity

•  Solidarity is a feeling of someone who comes from a sense of love for life together or sesame friends that realized with real charity in the form of sacrifice and willingness to maintain, defend, assist, and protect against life together.

•  According to Wikipedia, Solidarity is unity (as of a group or class) that produces or is based on universities of interests, objectives, standards, and sympathies. It refers to the ties in a society that bind people together as one. The term is generally employed in sociology and the other social sciences as well as in philosophy.What forms the basis of solidarity varies between societies. In simple societies it may be mainly based around kinship and shared values. In more complex societies there are various theories as to what contributes to a sense of social solidarity.

•   it is social cohesion based upon the dependence individuals have on each other in more advanced societies.

•  Solidarity is an emerging concept in contemporary philosophy – it is subject to ongoing studies in various subfields of ethics and political philosophy.

B.    Definition of Social Solidarity

•        According to Ministry of Social Affairs Republic of Indonesia,  Social solidarity or a sense of social solidarity is a spiritual potential, commitment to shared national identity at the same time, therefore the Social Solidarity is the conscience of the Indonesian nation which replicated from the attitudes and behaviors based on the understanding, awareness, confidence and participation of social responsibility in accordance with the ability of each community with a spirit of togetherness, a willingness to sacrifice for others, mutual cooperation in togetherness and kinship.
• 
  
•        According to Émile Durkheim, it is social cohesion based upon the dependence individuals have on each other in more advanced societies.

C.    Social Solidarity based on Émile Durkheim

The types of social solidarity correlate with types of society. Durkheim introduced the terms "mechanical" and "organic solidarity" as part of his theory of the development of societies in The Division of Labour in Society (1893). In a society exhibiting mechanical solidarity, its cohesion and integration comes from the homogeneity of individuals—people feel connected through similar work, educational and religious training, and lifestyle. Mechanical solidarity normally operates in "traditional" and small scale societies.[5] In simpler societies (e.g., tribal), solidarity is usually based on kinship ties of familial networks. Organic solidarity comes from the interdependence that arises from specialization of work and the complementarities between people—a development which occurs in "modern" and "industrial" societies.

Although individuals perform different tasks and often have different values and interest, the order and very solidarity of society depends on their reliance on each other to perform their specified tasks. Organic here is referring to the interdependence of the component parts. Thus social solidarity is maintained in more complex societies through the interdependence of its component parts (e.g., farmers produce the food to feed the factory workers who produce the tractors that allow the farmer to produce the food).

D.   Social Solidarity based on Ministry of Social Affairs Republic of Indonesia

 Social solidarity is the Basic Value of Social Welfare, social capital in the community continue to be explored, developed and utilized in realizing the ideals of the Indonesian nation to state that Welfare Society.

As the basic values ​​of social welfare, social solidarity must continue to be revitalized in accordance with the actual conditions of the nation and is implemented in a concrete manifestation in our lives.

Social solidarity is a value that is meaningful to each nation. The soul and spirit of social solidarity in the life of the nation and the people of Indonesia in essence has been around since the days of our ancestors long before this country stand as an independent nation which became known as the nation of Indonesia.

The soul and the spirit of social solidarity in the course of the life of our nation has been tested in a variety of historical events, with the peak manifestation manifested in acts and attitudes based on the sense of community of the people of Indonesia in the face of practice or the practice of "social solidarity" are used to do in life everyday. For example, helping people who are sick.

E.     Loyalty that Indonesia nation expect

History has proven that Indonesia achieved independence thanks to the high spirit of social solidarity. Therefore, the spirit of social solidarity must always be embedded, enhanced and confirmed.

As a pluralistic nation or diverse pluralistic society, the problem of too diverse, for example, matters of family life, even the life of the community within the state. The result may bring happiness or otherwise.

One factor that supports sustainability and the achievement of a life together is loyalty to what has been a mutual agreement. Similarly, in the life of the nation, we need a loyalty to the nation and the state to defend and preserve the survival of the nation and efforts to achieve the goal of establishment of the state.

Loyalty can also be directed at the person's state and nation. Teaching or understanding which requires the delivery of the highest fidelity to the country of his nationality called Nationalism.

Ø  So fidelity is desired by the people of Indonesia are as follows:

a.       Loyalty to the integrity of the nation.

b.      Fidelity to the proclamation of independence August 17, 1945.

c.       Loyalty to the State of the Pancasila.

d.      Loyalty to the Indonesian legal system.

We know that humans instinctively kept in touch with each other and the environment, so that the relationship will lead to a social group.

If people have felt the same boat and have the awareness to help among social groups, the sense of unity and unity will be realized. If it is so then it will grow united force to repel the invaders.

Examples of improving the ability to create a life based on the principles of social solidarity:

•  Getting used to help victims of natural disasters. In the previous explanation that the life of every human being to be significant when based on the principle of community life. Man by nature was always expected to live as social beings in addition to being individu. How or what should be done to help the victims of natural disasters? What to do include:

-  Help with sincerity without any expectation of reward or profit or loss into account.

- Help according to their respective capabilities.

-  Do not offend afflicted.

-  Be patient and gentle in speech.

-  If a precedence which could be prioritized.

-  Help attempted educative.

•    Participate in cooperation for the common good.

Examples of such acts committed:

-  Community service in the neighborhood, such as gutter cleaning, cleaning the place of worship.

-  Community service or mutual help build roads, bridges.

-  Maintaining public facilities and so forth.

•  Increase the spirit of brotherhood.

To promote the spirit of family solidarity values ​​or cooperation can be implemented through other forms of activity. example:

-  In the family, of the activities such as:

o   Eating together with the entire family.

o   Worshipping together.

o   Gathering to relatives and others.

-  In the school environment, of the activities such as:

o   Form a study group.

o   Raise funds to help others who suffered the disaster.

o   Work devotion.

o   Social events and so forth.

F.     Moral values ​​of social solidarity

Social solidarity is the sense of someone who comes from a sense of love for a life together that is realized with real charity in the form of sacrifice and willingness to maintain, defend, and protect against life together.

From the definition of solidarity that we can feel or judge a person's humanity. Solidarity means:

•          Personal interest remains placed within the framework of obligations consciousness as a social being in social life.
• ·         Obligations to society and the nation is more important than personal interests.

As for the moral values contained in social solidarity including the following:

• ·         Help each other. Moral values ​​is evident in people's lives, such as: helping fellow neighbors. For example, to help victims of natural disasters or visit a sick neighbor.
• ·         Mutual assistance, such as working the fields or build a house.
• ·         Cooperation. This reflects an attitude of moral value to cooperate with others, although different in ethnicity, race, skin color, and does not discriminate the differences in cooperation.
• ·         The value of Togetherness. Moral values is exist because of the attachment of self and self-interest and others fidelity, help and defend each other. Examples contribute something to the place of disaster, whether it be flood, famine or attacked by another nation.

Conclusion :

Social solidarity as a manifestation of attitudes, behavior and identity of Indonesia will be able to be a large capital in addressing various social problems facing this nation gradually to make repairs and improve the well-being of communities across the country, if the value of freedom, the value of heroism and values the solidarity inherent in the life of the nation.

To follow up the National Social Solidarity Movement, networking, collaboration with the rest of the nation to this community and business that interpreted its equivalent.

So, we must do th social solidarity, in effort to develop and implement social solidarity as a national movement in accordance with the conditions and challenges of the times, the social solidarity that permeates both cross-class and cross-racial paradaban and should continue to surge implemented all time, thus intangible "There is No Day whithout Solidarity".

source :

The Ministry of Social Affair Republic of Indonesia

Wikipedia

http://uyuyfazry.wordpress.com/2011/11/07/kesetiakawanan-sosial/

Oxford Dictionaries

images :

Google

link youtube

WORDS MEANING

• Right

-Hak/Kebenaran/kebijakan
-Oxford dict.  : Something morally good; moral/legal claim (ex: a human rights); the authority to publish (ex: movie)
-Menurut KBBI      : Benar; kewenangan; milik/ kepunyaan.

• Restricted

-Pembatasan/terbatas
-Oxford Dict.  : limited in extent,number, or scope; Controlled by rules or law.
-Menurut KBBI      : ketentuan yg tidak boleh dilampaui

• Free Speech

-Kebebasan berbicara
-Oxford Dict. : (also known freedom of speech) The right to express any opinions without censorship or restraint.
-Menurut KBBI      : keadaan bebas; kemerdekaan dalam berpendapat atau berbicara (hak demokrasi)

• Equality

-kesetaraan/persamaan
-Oxford Dict. : (n) the fact of being equal in rights, status, or advantages.
-Menurut KBBI      : sejajar (sama tingginya dsb); sama tingkatnya (kedudukannya dsb); sebanding.

• Apartheid

-Sistem pemisahan ras legal yang diterapkan di Republik Afrika Selatan dari tahun 1948 sampai 1993
-Oxford Dict. : (n) the former political system in south africa which only white people had full political rights and other people, especially black people.
-Menurut KBBI      : politik diskriminasi warna kulit yang diterapkan (dahulu) oleh negara Afrika Selatan antara keturunan dari Eropa (kulit putih) terhadap penduduk kulit berwarna

• Forced Labour

-Kerja Paksa
-Oxford Dict. : work for a company or in a country
-Menurut KBBI      : Pekerjaan yg harus dilakukan secara paksa (tanpa diberi upah);

• Surveillence

-Pengawasan
-Oxford Dict. : the act of carefully watching a person suspected of a crime.
-Menurut KBBI      : Penilikan dan penjagaan;

• Confidential

-Rahasia
-Oxford Dict  : meant to be kept a secret.
-Menurut KBBI      : Sesuatu yg sengaja disembunyikan supaya tidak diketahui orang lain

• Campaigned

-Berkampanye
-Oxford Dict. : to take part in or lead a campaign, for example to achieve political change.
-Menurut KBBI      : Mengadakan kampanye (untuk melawan, mengadakan aksi, dsb)

• Regime

-Pemerintahan/Masa pemerintahan/Rezim
-Oxford Dict.  : a method or system of government; method or system to organizing something.
-Menurut KBBI      : Tata pemerintah negara; pemerintahan yg berkuasa

• Civil Right

-Hak Sipil/Hak warga negara
-Oxford Dict. : (n) the rights that every person in the society has
-Menururt KBBI     : Hak adalah milik atau kepunyaan; Sipil adalah berkenaan dng penduduk atau rakyat (bukan militer)

• Cause

-Sebab
-Acc. Oxford Dict. : (n) the person or thing that make something happen.
-Menurut KBBI      : n hal yg menjadikan timbulnya sesuatu; lantaran; karena; (asal) mula

Basic Social Science :

1.The social sciences study human beings – their behavior, societies, cultures – in all their variety, across time and space.
2. It is the study of human social life, groups, and societies and the many other dimensions of social action and social relationships. 
3. Keith Jacobs : Basic social science is something that is built, and occurs or takes place in a community site.
4. Paul Ernest : Basic Social Sciences is more than the sum of individual human beings as they engage in various activities together.

The social sciences include :

• Anthropology
• History (in some of its aspects)
• Sociology
• Psychology (in some of its aspects)
• Economics
• Political Science
• Geography (in some of its aspects)
• Linguistics

Pengertian Ilmu Sosial Dasar :

1. Ilmu Sosial Dasar adalah ilmu pengetahuan yang mempelajari/menelaah tentang masalah-masalah sosial di dalam sebuah masyarakat.
2. Satuan pengetahuan yang dikembangkan sebagai usaha/tujuan pendidikan. 
3. Menurut ahli ENDA M. C : Ilmu Sosial Dasar adalah cara tentang bagaimana para individu saling berhubungan.

Conclusion : So basically, social science or social science is the study of all about people / human beings, their society, and their interaction with environment. however,its designed specifically for the purposes of education / teaching in Indonesia.





Source : 
Basic Concepts
http://ariefsz.blogspot.com/2009/12/isd-pengertian-tujuan-isd-dan-ips.html
http://blog-pinta.blogspot.com/2012/11/tugas-1pengertian-ilmu-sosial-dasar.html
Google
Basics in Social Science